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        1 - Leadership Style, Servant Leadership, Paternal Leadership, Authentic Leadership, Psychological Capital, Job Engagement, Extra-role Services
        Somayeh  Abedi Bagher Asgarnezhad Nouri Vali Nemati Sayed Mohammad Reza Movahed
        This study sought to investigate the influence of newly-emerged leadership styles, that is, servant leadership, authentic leadership, and patriarchal leadership on the psychological capital and occupational behavior of hotel staff in the Iranian cities of Sareyn and Ard More
        This study sought to investigate the influence of newly-emerged leadership styles, that is, servant leadership, authentic leadership, and patriarchal leadership on the psychological capital and occupational behavior of hotel staff in the Iranian cities of Sareyn and Ardabil. To this end, the population of the study comprised 312 hotel staff, out of whom 255 people were selected via convenient sampling. The required data were collected through a standard questionnaire which was administered online. The collected data were then analyzed through SPSS software and LISREL software using the structural equation method. The findings proved that all three leadership styles investigated in this study influenced the hotel staff’s psychological capital and occupational behavior. Furthermore, the staff’s occupational participation was found to be effective in the provision of extra-role services to the customers. It can thus be argued that the intended novel styles of leadership increase individuals’ psychological capital and occupational participation. Therefore, organizations, especially those involved in tourism and accommodation, should try their best to adopt such leadership styles. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Investigating the effect of psychological capital on organizational resilience during the outbreak of Covid-19 (Case study: Mashhad hotels)
        davood ghorbanzadeh Javad Agha mohammadi
        The tourism industry has long been recognized as one of the most vulnerable industries to crises. Among the various sectors active in the tourism context, the hotel sector has been most affected by declining travel and accommodation rates during the Covid-19 pandemic. T More
        The tourism industry has long been recognized as one of the most vulnerable industries to crises. Among the various sectors active in the tourism context, the hotel sector has been most affected by declining travel and accommodation rates during the Covid-19 pandemic. To this end, in order to reduce the destructive effects of crises on the hotel sector, the literature introduces the concept of resilience. Therefore, the present study investigates the effect of psychological capital of hotel owners and managers on organizational resilience during the outbreak of Covid-19. The present research, in terms of practical purpose, the method of collecting data is survey data and considering the relationship between variables, correlation with emphasis on structural equation modeling. To understand the relationships of the conceptual model, this study collected data using a questionnaire that was distributed among 157 owners and managers of hotel and apartment hotels in Mashhad in a convenience method. The results of testing hypotheses using SPSS and SmartPLS 3.0 software indicate that the psychological capital of owners/managers of hotel can instil hope and optimism in the employees too and can help them to accept the reality and prepare for future contingencies. It also highlights the impact of owners/manager's life satisfaction on organizational resilience relationship stating that the levels of life satisfaction of owners and managers of hotel significantly influence the process of recovery of the business. This means that despite of adversities, resilient owners and managers would make efforts to get over the negativities of COVID-19 and try to get back to normal. Manuscript profile